Financial Report 2022

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 合併財務報表附註 The University of Hong Kong 香港大學 21 主要會計政策－續 (b) 合併賬目－續 (i) 業務合併 － 續 本機構將轉讓的任何或然對價按收購日 期的公平值計量。被視為資產或負債的 或然對價公平值的其後變動，根據香港 財務報告準則第 9 號的規定，在合併綜 合收益表或作為其他綜合收益的變動確 認。分類為權益的或然對價不重新計 量，其之後的結算在權益中入賬。 所轉讓對價、被收購方的任何非控制性 權益數額，及在被收購方之前任何權益 在收購日期的公允價值，超過購入可辨 識淨資產公允價值的數額記錄為商譽。 如所轉讓對價、確認的任何非控制性權 益及之前持有的權益計量，低於購入子 公司淨資產的公允價值，則將該數額直 接在合併綜合收益表中確認。 機構內公司之間的交易、結餘及交易的 未變現利得予以對銷。未變現損失亦予 以對銷。附屬公司報告的數額已按需要 作出改變，以確保與本機構採用的政策 符合一致。 (ii) 不導致失去控制權的附屬公司權益變動 本機構將其與非控制性權益進行、不導 致失去控制權的交易入賬為權益交易－ 即與子公司所有者以其作所有者身份進 行的交易。所支付任何對價的公平值與 相關應佔所收購附屬公司淨資產賬面值 的差額記錄為權益。向非控制性權益的 處置的盈虧亦記錄在權益中。 1. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Cont’d (b) Consolidation – Cont’d (i) Business combinations – Cont’d Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset or liability is recognised in accordance with HKFRS 9 either in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income or as a change to other comprehensive income. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not remeasured, and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. The excess of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the total of consideration transferred, non- controlling interest recognised and previously held interest measured is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognised directly in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Inter-company transactions, balances, income and expenses on transactions between group companies are eliminated. Profits and losses resulting from inter- company transaction that are recognised in assets are also eliminated. Accounting policies of a subsidiary have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. (ii) Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions – that is, as transactions with the owners of the subsidiary in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 合併財務報表附註 2022 Financial Report 二零二二財務報告 22 主要會計政策－續 (b) 合併賬目－續 (iii) 出售附屬公司 當本機構不再持有控制權，在主體的任 何保留權益於失去控制權當日重新計量 至公平值，賬面值的變動在合併綜合收 益表中確認。公平值為就保留權益的後 續入賬而言的初始賬面值，作為聯營、 合營或財務資產。此外，之前在其他綜 合收益中確認的任何數額猶如本機構已 直接處置相關資產和負債。這意味著之 前在其他綜合收益中確認的數額會重新 分類至合併綜合收益表或根據適用的香 港財務報告準則轉移至另一類權益。 (iv) 單獨財務報表 在本大學之財務狀況表內，附屬公司之 投資以成本值扣除減值虧損撥備入賬。 成本經調整以反映修改或有對價所產生 的對價變動。成本亦包括投資的直接歸 屬成本。本大學將附屬公司之業績按已 收及應收分派入賬。 (c) 聯營公司之投資 聯營公司指所有本機構對其有重大影響力而 無控制權的主體，通常附帶有百分之二十至 五十投票權的股權。聯營公司投資以權益法 入賬。根據權益法，投資初始以成本確認， 而賬面值被增加或減少以確認投資者享有被 投資者在收購日期後的損益份額。本機構於 聯營公司的投資包括購買時已辨認的商譽。 在購買聯營公司的投資時，購買成本與本機 構享有的對聯營公司可辨認資產和負債的公 允價值淨額的差額確認為商譽。 1. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Cont’d (b) Consolidation – Cont’d (iii) Disposal of subsidiaries When the Group ceases to have control, any retained interest in the entity is remeasured to its fair value at the date when control is lost, with the change in carrying amount recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. It means that amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income or transferred to another category of equity as specified/permitted by applicable HKFRSs. (iv) Separate financial statements In the University’s statement of financial position, investments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost less impairment. Cost is adjusted to reflect changes in consideration arising from contingent consideration amendments. Cost also includes directly attributable costs of investment. The results of subsidiaries are accounted for by the University on the basis of dividend received and receivable. (c) Interests in Associates As soc i a t e s a r e a l l en t i t i e s ov e r wh i ch t he Gr oup has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a shareholding of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the investment is initially recognised at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to recognise the investor’s share of the profit or loss of the investee after the date of acquisition. The Group’s investment in associates includes goodwill identified on acquisition. Upon the acquisition of the ownership interest in an associate, any difference between the cost of the associate and the Group’s share of the net fair value of the associate’s identifiable assets and liabilities is accounted for as goodwill.