Financial Report 2021

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 合併財務報表附註 The University of Hong Kong 香港大學 33 主要會計政策－續 (j) 租賃－續 使用權資產按成本計量，包括： • 租賃負債的初始計量金額； • 在租賃期開始日或之前支付的租賃 付款扣除收到的租賃優惠； • 初始直接費用；及 • 復原成本。 使用權資產一般在資產的使用年限與租 賃期兩者孰短的期間內按直線法計提折 舊。如本機構合理確定會行使購買權， 該使用權資產則按其使用年限計提折 舊。 本機構同時亦透過向一些租賃土地及土 地使用權的前註冊持有者或當地政府作 一次性預先支付購得該等土地的使用權 益用作營運。此等付款按成本列賬並在 租賃期（如續租成本並不重大續租期亦 包括在內）內攤銷。 與短期設備和汽車租賃及所有低價值資 產租賃相關的付款按直線法確認為費用 並計入合併綜合收益表。短期租賃是指 租賃期為十二個月或更短的租賃。 本機構作為出租人收到的經營租賃收入 在租賃期內按直線法確認為收入。為獲 取經營租賃所發生的初始直接費用計入 該資產的賬面金額，並在租賃期內按照 與租賃收入相同的基礎確認為費用。租 賃資產按其性質在合併財務狀況表中列 示。 1. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Cont’d (j) Leases – Cont’d Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following: • the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability; • any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received; • any initial direct costs; and • restoration costs. Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful life. The Group also has interests in leasehold land and land use right for use in its operations. Lump sum payments were made upfront to acquire these land interests from their previous registered owners or governments in the jurisdictions where the land is located. These payments are stated at cost and are amortised over the term of the lease which includes the renewal period if the lease can be renewed by the Group without significant cost. Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and vehicles and all leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Lease income from operating leases where the Group is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight- line basis over the lease term. Initial direct costs incurred in obtaining an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the underlying asset and recognised as expense over the lease term on the same basis as lease income. The respective leased assets are included in the consolidated statement of financial position based on their nature. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 合併財務報表附註 2021 Financial Report 二零二一財務報告 34 主要會計政策－續 (k) 附屬公司、聯營公司、合營企業 及非財務資產之減值 使用壽命不確定的資產無需攤銷，但每 年須就減值進行測試。須作攤銷的資產 當有事件出現或情況改變顯示賬面值可 能無法收回時就減值進行檢討。減值虧 損是賬面值大於可收回值。可收回值是 公平值減去銷售成本與使用價值兩者較 高之金額。於評估減值時，資產按可分 開辨認之現金流量（現金產出單元）以最 低層次組合。除商譽以外，已蒙受減值 的非財務資產在每個報告日期均就減值 是否可以撥回進行檢討。 當收到附屬公司、聯營公司或合營企業 投資的股利時，而股利超過附屬公司、 聯營公司或合營企業在股利宣佈期間的 綜合收益，或在單獨財務報表的投資賬 面值超過被投資方淨資產（包括商譽）在 合併財務報表的賬面值，則必須對有關 投資進行減值測試。 (l) 財務資產 (i) 分類 本機構將其財務投資及其他財務資 產分類為其後通過損益表反映公平 值變化的財務資產或按攤銷成本計 量。分類方式視乎機構管理財務投 資及其他財務資產之業務模式及現 金流量合約條款而定。 僅當本機構管理該等資產的業務模 式發生變動時，本機構方會重新分 類債務投資。 1. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Cont’d (k) Impairment of Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates, Joint Ventures and Non-Financial Assets Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortisation and are tested annually for impairment. Assets that are subject to amortisation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non- financial assets other than goodwill that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date. Impairment testing of the investments in subsidiaries, assoc i a t es or j o i n t ven t u r es i s r equ i r ed upon receiving dividends from these investments if the dividend exceeds the total comprehensive income of the subsidiary, associates or joint ventures in the period the dividend is declared or if the carrying amount of the investment in the separate financial statements exceeds the carrying amount in the consolidated financial statements of the investee’s net assets including goodwill. (l) Financial Assets (i) Classification The Group classifies its financial investments and other financial assets either those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit or loss, or those to be measured at amortised cost. The classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial investments and other financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. The Group reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.